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Rotterdam

Zuid-Holland · Very strongly urban · CBS GM0599

Avg. sale price

€415k

Price Growth YoY

+2.9%

Population

672.960

Rotterdam is a municipality in Zuid-Holland with 672.960 residents, the 2nd largest of the 342 Dutch municipalities. The average WOZ property value is €342k, 14% below the national average of €398k. Of its 328.408 homes, 35% are owner-occupied (nationally 57%). The municipality has 21 districts, each with its own housing, population, income and amenities figures below.

City Highlights

Largest port in Europe by cargo volume

Most affordable major city — strong investment potential

Bold modern architecture after WWII reconstruction

Fastest growing housing prices among top-4 cities

Neighbourhood Map

(CBS Wijken · click a neighbourhood to explore)

Average sale price

€415k

-14% vs Netherlands2025
Average WOZ value

€342k

-14% vs Netherlands2025
Owner-occupied

35.0%

-39% vs Netherlands2025
Housing Stock

328.408

total homes
Sale Price vs. WOZ Value (€k)
In 2025 the average sale price was €73k (21%) above the WOZ value. WOZ is a tax assessment with a reference date about a year earlier, so it trails the market.
Average sale price · 2025
€415k
€270kmedian €469k€1,106k

Lower than 77% of municipalities (342)

Population Over Time (thousands)
Population has grown by 34k since 2018, reaching 673k in 2025.
Housing type · Avg. WOZ Home Value Over Time (€k) · Year-on-Year Sale Price Growth (%) · Year-on-Year WOZ Growth (%) · Housing Tenure
Housing type
25%
75%
Single-family
Multi-family
Avg. WOZ Home Value Over Time (€k)
Year-on-Year Sale Price Growth (%)
6 of 7 years had price gains. Best: 18.4% (2021); worst: -3.6% (2023).
Year-on-Year WOZ Growth (%)
Housing Tenure

Owner-occupied

35%

Rental

65%

Built before 2000

95%

Household Composition

Single

49.44%

With children

28.36%

Avg size: 1.9
Density: 3.081 /km²
Population density

3,081

+475% vs Netherlands2025
Age Distribution
15%
14%
32%
24%
16%
vs Netherlands
15%
12%
26%
27%
20%
0–15 years
15–25 years
25–45 years
45–65 years
65+ years
Cultural Background · Migration Background Breakdown · Births vs deaths
Cultural Background

Dutch background

42.76%

EU / Western background

12.9%

Non-EU background

44.34%

Migration Background Breakdown
2022 data
CBS 70072ned · Western = EU + N. America + Indonesia + Japan
Births vs deaths
Average income

€41k

-4% vs Netherlands2024 · most recent CBS figure
Poverty

6.3%

+103% vs Netherlands2024 · most recent CBS figure
Labour participation

67.0%

2024 · most recent CBS figure
Avg. Income per Recipient Over Time (€k) 2024 · most recent CBS figure
Income distribution · Labour Contracts · Education & Labour
Education & Labour

Higher education

33.4%

Low education

30%

Labour participation

67%

Labour Contracts

Permanent contract

50%

Flexible contract

33%

Self-employed

17%

Wealth & Poverty
Median wealth
€12.7k
Poverty rate
6.3%
Cars/household
0.7
Median Wealth Over Time (€k)
Poverty rate: CBS has only published 2024 so far, so there is no trend yet.
Crime Rates (per 1,000 residents)
Source: CBS / Politie StatLine — 2012–2024
Total crime · 2025
79.5
14.3median 30.787.0

Higher than 98% of municipalities (342)

Theft, violence and vandalism together make up about 63% of all registered crime — they do not add up to the total.
Theft
34.9
Property damage
5.7
Violent crime
10.6
In 2025: 34.9 theft, 10.6 violent crimes per 1,000 residents.
Social benefits
Recipients count (latest available year)
Schools
School counts: DUO open data (active locations) · Quality verdicts: Inspectie van het Onderwijs, Aug 2026Share of all school locations. The Inspectie mainly gives a school its own verdict when it sees a risk; most schools have none and fall in the middle segment. For secondary schools the weakest programme verdict at that location counts.

168

Primary schools (PO)

82

Secondary schools (VO)

Inspection quality

92%
Good · 1.2%
Sufficient or no separate verdict · 92.0%
Weak / insufficient · 6.8%
Childcare
Source: LRK (Landelijk Register Kinderopvang) · Registered & active locations only

346

Daycare (KDV)

270

After-school care (BSO)

13.478

KDV child places

39

Avg KDV size
13.4 KDV spots /100 children (0–15)
1.58 KDV /km²

KDV vs BSO breakdown

56%
44%
Kinderdagverblijf (ages 0–4) · 56% · 346 locations
Buitenschoolse opvang (after-school) · 44% · 270 locations

VVE coverage (early childhood education)

72%
28%
Offers VVE · 72% · 248 locations
No VVE · 28% · 98 locations
Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)

18.2

+51% vs Netherlands2025
Fine particulates (PM2.5)

9.2

+6% vs Netherlands2025
Distance to GP

0.7 km

-36% vs Netherlands2025
Distance to supermarket

0.6 km

-40% vs Netherlands2025
Proximity — Avg. Distance to Nearest Facility

General practitioner

0.7 km

Supermarket

0.6 km

Childcare

0.5 km

Primary school

0.6 km

Source: CBS Nabijheid voorzieningen 2023
Public Transport
Source: OpenStreetMap

Train stations

23

Bus stops

846

Tram stops

296

Metro stations

24

Air Quality
Annual average concentrations — source: RIVM Large-Scale Concentration Maps
NO₂ nitrogen dioxide
18.2
µg/m³
+6.2 vs. national avg (12.0 µg/m³)EU limit: 40 µg/m³
PM2.5 particulate matter
9.2
µg/m³
+0.5 vs. national avg (8.7 µg/m³)EU limit: 25 µg/m³
Energy consumption trend · Solar panels
Energy consumption trend
Religious Affiliation (%)
Province-level estimate (CBS 2015) · Zuid-Holland
Places of Worship (Buildings)
142 total in municipality · 2.11 per 10k residents

Christian churches

116

Mosques

15

Synagogues

2

Temples / other

9

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